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Allah swt tells us what process two people should adopt while lending/borrowing money.

Mu' meneen Brothers and Sisters,

As Salaam Aleikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh. (May Allah's Peace, Mercy and Blessings be upon all of you)

 

One of our brothers/sisters has asked this question:

In the begining of Quran we read the Ayaat in which Allah swt tells us what process two people should adopt while lending/borrowing money. In a later place in Surah Nisa Allah swt says to women that they shall cover themselves while going out. My question is that how would we know that one of these commands is Faraz and the other is just recommendation. For instance if a muslim woman doesn`t cover properly then we consider her to be doing a sin while we don`t say the same for lenger or borrower. Jazak Allah for providing the answer. 

 

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Answer:

 

Obligatory voluntary commands diff

In the name of Allah, We praise Him, seek His help and ask for His forgiveness. Whoever Allah guides none can misguide, and whoever He allows to fall astray, none can guide them aright. We bear witness that there is none worthy of worship but Allah Alone, and we bear witness that Muhammad (saws) is His slave-servant and the seal of His Messengers.

 

Respected brother in Islam, May Allah Subhanah bless you and increase your quest for knowledge for asking such an interesting question in the deen.

 

By studying the exact Declarations of the Glorious Quran and how exactly did the Messenger of Allah (saws) implement the Guidance, the scholars and jurists in Islam have developed a science and a method to differentiate which amongst the Commands of Allah and His Messenger (saws) are obligatory to follow, and which amongst them are voluntary. This science developed by the scholars and jurists of Islam is known as the ‘Usool of Fiqh’ or the ‘Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence’.

 

Allow us to relate a simple example from the Glorious Quran which would Insha Allah makes this point of differentiation between the obligatory and voluntary a little more clearer:

 

Allah Says in the Holy Quran Chapter 5 Surah Maidah verses 1-2:

1 O ye who believe! Fulfil (all) obligations. Lawful unto you (for food) are all four-footed animals with the exceptions named: but (hunting) animals of the chase are forbidden while ye are in the Sacred Precincts or in pilgrim garb: for Allah doth Command according to His Will and Plan.

2 O ye who believe! Violate not the Sanctity of the Symbols of Allah nor of the Sacred Month nor of the animals brought for sacrifice nor the garlands that mark out such animals nor the people resorting to the Sacred House seeking of the bounty and good pleasure of their Lord. But when ye are clear of the Sacred Precincts and of pilgrim garb, hunt; and let not the hatred of some people in (once) shutting you out of the Sacred Mosque lead you to transgression (and hostility on your part). Help ye one another in righteousness and piety but help ye not one another in sin and rancor: fear Allah: for Allah is strict in punishment.

 

In Verse 1, Allah Subhanah specifically and categorically prohibits the believers to hunt animals while they are in the Sacred Precincts of Makkah, or when in the state of ‘ehram’ for pilgrimage….and then in the middle of Verse 2, Allah Subhanah Declares that when one is clear of the Sacred Precincts and taken off their ‘ehram’ to hunt….

 

Does that mean that every believer who leaves the Sacred Precinct or takes off their ‘ehram’ MUST hunt??? Or is it merely a permission that they MAY hunt, if indeed they wish to do so???

 

One of the ‘Principles of Jurisprudence’ adopted by the scholars is that when a Command is given after a specific Command of prohibition, the latter Command would not be considered an obligation, but rather a permission.

 

There are several such principles adopted by the scholars and jurists when determining which Commands of Allah and His Messenger (saws) should be considered as obligatory and which amongst them may be taken as voluntary…..and the determination of the scholars is entirely based upon the Declarations of the Quran and the Sunnah, and more often than not, how exactly did the Messenger of Allah (saws) understood and implemented the Guidance in his life.

 

Whatever written of Truth and benefit is only due to Allah’s Assistance and Guidance, and whatever of error is of me alone. Allah Alone Knows Best and He is the Only Source of Strength.

 

Your brother and well wisher in Islam,

 

 

Burhan

 


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